Geology and Soil: 

• Formed by Miocene basalt bedrock from ancient lava flows, later blanketed by Missoula Flood deposits (silt, sand, gravel, and loess).

• Soils are well-drained and low in organic matter, forcing vines to root deeply — promotes tension, minerality and higher acidity

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Climate: 

• Semi-arid and sunny: over 300 days of sunshine annually, <8 inches of rain per year.

• Large diurnal range: hot days (ripening skins and anthocyanins) and cool nights (preserving acidity).

• Earlier harvest pressure, only warmest pockets ripen Carmenere. 

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Expression: 

• Color: Medium ruby

• Aromas & Flavor: Cherry, Pomegranate, poblano, fresh jalapeno

• Structure: Medium-bodied, high aciditity — savory, mineral-driven finish

• Style Summary: 

Geology and Soil: 

• A geological patchwork: volcanic, sedimentary, and metamorphic formations all collide here.

• Soils range from alluvial loams to clay-rich volcanic series with excellent drainage.

• The mix of elevations (300–1,500 ft) allows site-specific expression; volcanic sites yield structure and minerality, while alluvial fans give supple fruit.

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Climate:

• Mediterranean with mountain influence

• Significant Diurnal Swings

• Long, dry fall - ideal for late ripening

• Great Balance - herbs + red fruit + lively acidity

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Expression: 

• Color: Medium to medium-plus Ruby

• Aromas & Flavor: Cranberry, red cherry, red plum - sage, rosemary - dusty soil, mushrooms

• Structure: Medium body, higher acid

• Style Summary: More Old World or Cab Franc-like than Washington

Geology and Soil: 

• A dramatic landscape carved by the Columbia River through volcanic basalt and ancient flood deposits.

• Soils are deep, well drained; Loess (wine-blown silt) over basalt

• Missoula Flood sediments in the lower elevations

• Cobblestone pickets create heat-retention - warm soils speed ripening - darker fruit, fuller body. 

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Climate: 

• Hot summers, long cool days, very cool nights. 

• Long frost-free seasons - essentials for Carmenere

• Very dry - low disease pressure - long hang time

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Expression: 

• Color: Deep, rich Ruby - almost purple at the core

• Aromas & Flavor: Dark fruit, blackberry, black cherry; smoky herbs, paprika, black pepper

• Structure: Medium to full body, plush but structure tannins

• Style Summary: Often the most "Chilean-like" PNW expression, but with higher acid.